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菲律賓簡介概況（菲律賓簡介概況視頻）
發(fā)布時間：2023-05-05 08:59:28
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大家好！今天讓小編來大家介紹下關(guān)于菲律賓簡介概況的問題，以下是小編對此問題的歸納整理，讓我們一起來看看吧。
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本文目錄:
一、跪求關(guān)于菲律賓的介紹(英文),
Geography
The Philippine Islands are an archipelago of over 7,000 islands lying about 500 mi (805 km) off the southeast coast of Asia. The overall land area is comparable to that of Arizona. Only about 7% of the islands are larger than one square mile, and only one-third have names. The largest are Luzon in the north (40,420 sq mi; 104,687 sq km), Mindanao in the south (36,537 sq mi; 94,631 sq km), and Samar (5,124 sq mi; 13,271 sq km). The islands are of volcanic origin, with the larger ones crossed by mountain ranges. The highest peak is Mount Apo (9,690 ft; 2,954 m) on Mindanao.
Government
Republic.
History
The Philippines' aboriginal inhabitants arrived from the Asian mainland around 25,000 B.C. They were followed by waves of Indonesian and Malayan settlers from 3,000 B.C. onward. By the 14th century A.D., extensive trade was being conducted with India, Indonesia, China, and Japan.
Ferdinand Magellan, the Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain, explored the Philippines in 1521. Twenty-one years later, a Spanish exploration party named the group of islands in honor of Prince Philip, who was later to become Philip II of Spain. Spain retained possession of the islands for the next 350 years.
The Philippines were ceded to the U.S. in 1899 by the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-American War. Meanwhile, the Filipinos, led by Emilio Aguinaldo, had declared their independence. They initiated guerrilla warfare against U.S. troops that persisted until the capture of Aguinaldo in 1901. By 1902, peace was established except among the Islamic Moros on the southern island of Mindanao.
The first U.S. civilian governor-general was William Howard Taft (1901–1904). The Jones Law (1916) provided for the establishment of a Philippine legislature composed of an elective Senate and House of Representatives. The Tydings-McDuffie Act (1934) provided for a transitional period until 1946, at which time the Philippines would become completely independent. Under a constitution approved by the people of the Philippines in 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines came into being with Manuel Quezon y Molina as president.
On Dec. 8, 1941, the islands were invaded by Japanese troops. Following the fall of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's forces at Bataan and Corregidor, Quezon established a government-in-exile that he headed until his death in 1944. He was succeeded by Vice President Sergio Osmeña. U.S. forces under MacArthur reinvaded the Philippines in Oct. 1944 and, after the liberation of Manila in Feb. 1945, Osmeña reestablished the government.
The Philippines achieved full independence on July 4, 1946. Manuel A. Roxas y Acuña was elected its first president, succeeded by Elpidio Quirino (1948–1953), Ramón Magsaysay (1953–1957), Carlos P. García (1957–1961), Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), and Ferdinand E. Marcos (1965–1986).
Under Marcos, civil unrest broke out in opposition to the leader's despotic rule. Martial law was declared on Sept. 21, 1972, and Marcos proclaimed a new constitution that ensconced himself as president. Martial law was officially lifted on Jan. 17, 1981, but Marcos and his wife, Imelda, retained broad powers.
In an attempt to resecure American support, Marcos set presidential elections for Feb. 7, 1986. With the support of the Catholic Church, Corazon Aquino declared her candidacy. Marcos was declared the official winner, but independent observers reported widespread election fraud and vote rigging. Anti-Marcos protests exploded in Manila, Defense Minister Juan Enrile and Lt. Gen. Fidel Ramos defected to the opposition, and Marcos lost virtually all support; he was forced to flee into exile and entered the U.S. on Feb. 25, 1986.
The Aquino government survived coup attempts by Marcos supporters and other right-wing elements, including one in November by Enrile. Legislative elections on May 11, 1987, gave pro-Aquino candidates a large majority. Negotiations on renewal of leases for U.S. military bases threatened to sour relations between the two countries. Volcanic eruptions from Mount Pinatubo, however, severely damaged Clark Air Base, and in July 1991, the U.S. decided simply to abandon it.
In elections in May 1992, Gen. Fidel Ramos, who had the support of the outgoing Aquino, won the presidency in a seven-way race. In Sept. 1992, the U.S. Navy turned over the Subic Bay naval base to the Philippines, ending its long-standing U.S. military presence.
Meanwhile, the separatist Moro National Liberation Front was fighting a protracted war for an Islamic homeland on Mindanao, the southernmost of the two main islands. The Philippine army also battled another rebel group, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. In Aug. 2001, both rebel groups signed unity agreements with the Philippine government. Frequent and violent clashes with these and other terrorist groups have continued, however. Abu Sayyaf, a small group of guerrillas that has been fighting since the 1970s for an independent Islamic state and reportedly has links to Osama bin Laden, gained international notoriety throughout 2000 and 2001 with its spree of kidnappings and murders. The Philippine military has also battled the New People's Army, a group of Communist guerrillas that have targeted Philippine security forces since 1969. International officials reported in June 2003 that Jemaah Islamiyah, an affiliate of al-Qaeda, was training recruits in Mindanao, in the southern Philippines. About 120,000 people have died in the conflicts with rebel groups, and more than 3 million have been displaced.
In May 1998, 61-year-old former action film star Joseph Estrada was elected president of the Philippines. Within two years, however, the Philippine Senate began to impeach Estrada on corruption charges. Massive street demonstrations and the loss of political support eventually forced Estrada from office. Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, daughter of former president Diosdado Macapagal, became president in Jan. 2001.
In July 2003, dozens of mutinous soldiers took over a Manila shopping complex, protesting low pay and demanding the resignation of President Arroyo and the defense secretary. The demonstration ended peacefully.
In May 2004 elections, President Arroyo narrowly defeated film star Fernando Poe. Poe alleged voter fraud and warned of a revolt by his supporters.
Police killed three top members of Abu Sayyaf while quelling a March 2005 prison uprising in Manila. In all, 22 people, including 20 prisoners and two guards, died in the violence.
President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo faced a political crisis in the summer of 2005, after admitting to calling an election official during 2004's presidential race. A taped phone conversation between Arroyo and the official seemed to suggest that she had tried to use her power to influence the outcome. Several members of her cabinet quit and joined the opposition and tens of thousands of protesters in calling for her resignation. In a televised address, Arroyo apologized for the “l(fā)apse of judgement” and said, “my intent was not to influence the outcome of the election and it did not.” The opposition filed an impeachment motion in July. In addition, Arroyo's husband, who had been accused of taking bribes from a gambling syndicate, said in July that he was moving abroad indefinitely.
A mudslide in February leveled the town of Guinsaugon and killed about 1,800 of its 1,857 residents.
Arroyo declared a state of emergency in February, saying the government had foiled an attempted coup by the military. She also banned rallies commemorating the 20th anniversary of the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos. Some observers, however, dismissed the report of the coup attempt as political maneuvering to gain support and weaken the opposition.
二、英語介紹菲律賓
Geography
The Philippine Islands are an archipelago of over 7,000 islands lying about 500 mi (805 km) off the southeast coast of Asia. The overall land area is comparable to that of Arizona. Only about 7% of the islands are larger than one square mile, and only one-third have names. The largest are Luzon in the north (40,420 sq mi; 104,687 sq km), Mindanao in the south (36,537 sq mi; 94,631 sq km), and Samar (5,124 sq mi; 13,271 sq km). The islands are of volcanic origin, with the larger ones crossed by mountain ranges. The highest peak is Mount Apo (9,690 ft; 2,954 m) on Mindanao.
Government
Republic.
History
The Philippines' aboriginal inhabitants arrived from the Asian mainland around 25,000 B.C. They were followed by waves of Indonesian and Malayan settlers from 3,000 B.C. onward. By the 14th century A.D., extensive trade was being conducted with India, Indonesia, China, and Japan.
Ferdinand Magellan, the Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain, explored the Philippines in 1521. Twenty-one years later, a Spanish exploration party named the group of islands in honor of Prince Philip, who was later to become Philip II of Spain. Spain retained possession of the islands for the next 350 years.
The Philippines were ceded to the U.S. in 1899 by the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-American War. Meanwhile, the Filipinos, led by Emilio Aguinaldo, had declared their independence. They initiated guerrilla warfare against U.S. troops that persisted until the capture of Aguinaldo in 1901. By 1902, peace was established except among the Islamic Moros on the southern island of Mindanao.
The first U.S. civilian governor-general was William Howard Taft (1901–1904). The Jones Law (1916) provided for the establishment of a Philippine legislature composed of an elective Senate and House of Representatives. The Tydings-McDuffie Act (1934) provided for a transitional period until 1946, at which time the Philippines would become completely independent. Under a constitution approved by the people of the Philippines in 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines came into being with Manuel Quezon y Molina as president.
On Dec. 8, 1941, the islands were invaded by Japanese troops. Following the fall of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's forces at Bataan and Corregidor, Quezon established a government-in-exile that he headed until his death in 1944. He was succeeded by Vice President Sergio Osmeña. U.S. forces under MacArthur reinvaded the Philippines in Oct. 1944 and, after the liberation of Manila in Feb. 1945, Osmeña reestablished the government.
The Philippines achieved full independence on July 4, 1946. Manuel A. Roxas y Acuña was elected its first president, succeeded by Elpidio Quirino (1948–1953), Ramón Magsaysay (1953–1957), Carlos P. García (1957–1961), Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), and Ferdinand E. Marcos (1965–1986).
Under Marcos, civil unrest broke out in opposition to the leader's despotic rule. Martial law was declared on Sept. 21, 1972, and Marcos proclaimed a new constitution that ensconced himself as president. Martial law was officially lifted on Jan. 17, 1981, but Marcos and his wife, Imelda, retained broad powers.
In an attempt to resecure American support, Marcos set presidential elections for Feb. 7, 1986. With the support of the Catholic Church, Corazon Aquino declared her candidacy. Marcos was declared the official winner, but independent observers reported widespread election fraud and vote rigging. Anti-Marcos protests exploded in Manila, Defense Minister Juan Enrile and Lt. Gen. Fidel Ramos defected to the opposition, and Marcos lost virtually all support; he was forced to flee into exile and entered the U.S. on Feb. 25, 1986.
The Aquino government survived coup attempts by Marcos supporters and other right-wing elements, including one in November by Enrile. Legislative elections on May 11, 1987, gave pro-Aquino candidates a large majority. Negotiations on renewal of leases for U.S. military bases threatened to sour relations between the two countries. Volcanic eruptions from Mount Pinatubo, however, severely damaged Clark Air Base, and in July 1991, the U.S. decided simply to abandon it.
In elections in May 1992, Gen. Fidel Ramos, who had the support of the outgoing Aquino, won the presidency in a seven-way race. In Sept. 1992, the U.S. Navy turned over the Subic Bay naval base to the Philippines, ending its long-standing U.S. military presence.
Meanwhile, the separatist Moro National Liberation Front was fighting a protracted war for an Islamic homeland on Mindanao, the southernmost of the two main islands. The Philippine army also battled another rebel group, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. In Aug. 2001, both rebel groups signed unity agreements with the Philippine government. Frequent and violent clashes with these and other terrorist groups have continued, however. Abu Sayyaf, a small group of guerrillas that has been fighting since the 1970s for an independent Islamic state and reportedly has links to Osama bin Laden, gained international notoriety throughout 2000 and 2001 with its spree of kidnappings and murders. The Philippine military has also battled the New People's Army, a group of Communist guerrillas that have targeted Philippine security forces since 1969. International officials reported in June 2003 that Jemaah Islamiyah, an affiliate of al-Qaeda, was training recruits in Mindanao, in the southern Philippines. About 120,000 people have died in the conflicts with rebel groups, and more than 3 million have been displaced.
In May 1998, 61-year-old former action film star Joseph Estrada was elected president of the Philippines. Within two years, however, the Philippine Senate began to impeach Estrada on corruption charges. Massive street demonstrations and the loss of political support eventually forced Estrada from office. Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, daughter of former president Diosdado Macapagal, became president in Jan. 2001.
In July 2003, dozens of mutinous soldiers took over a Manila shopping complex, protesting low pay and demanding the resignation of President Arroyo and the defense secretary. The demonstration ended peacefully.
In May 2004 elections, President Arroyo narrowly defeated film star Fernando Poe. Poe alleged voter fraud and warned of a revolt by his supporters.
Police killed three top members of Abu Sayyaf while quelling a March 2005 prison uprising in Manila. In all, 22 people, including 20 prisoners and two guards, died in the violence.
President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo faced a political crisis in the summer of 2005, after admitting to calling an election official during 2004's presidential race. A taped phone conversation between Arroyo and the official seemed to suggest that she had tried to use her power to influence the outcome. Several members of her cabinet quit and joined the opposition and tens of thousands of protesters in calling for her resignation. In a televised address, Arroyo apologized for the “l(fā)apse of judgement” and said, “my intent was not to influence the outcome of the election and it did not.” The opposition filed an impeachment motion in July. In addition, Arroyo's husband, who had been accused of taking bribes from a gambling syndicate, said in July that he was moving abroad indefinitely.
A mudslide in February leveled the town of Guinsaugon and killed about 1,800 of its 1,857 residents.
Arroyo declared a state of emergency in February, saying the government had foiled an attempted coup by the military. She also banned rallies commemorating the 20th anniversary of the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos. Some observers, however, dismissed the report of the coup attempt as political maneuvering to gain support and weaken the opposition
三、誰能介紹菲律賓主要的旅游景點？
首都馬尼拉名勝古跡眾多，圣奧古斯丁教堂古樸雄渾，馬拉卡南宮清新秀麗，是西班牙建筑藝術(shù)的典范。羅海斯濱海大道長達十公里，一邊是現(xiàn)代化的高層建筑，一 邊是浩渺無際的大海，秀色無邊。菲律賓名聞遐邇的景點還有巴那韋高山梯田，常年如秋的碧瑤，以及歷史名城宿務(wù)等。
由7107個大小島嶼組成的菲律賓，蘊藏豐富天然資源，歷史源遠流長，文化獨特多姿。菲律賓充滿了千萬種吸引力，游客每踏足一個島嶼，都必定有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，永不讓人失望。
位置：位于亞洲東南部。由于地處太平洋上的地震帶，該國地震頻繁，共有50多座火山，幾乎都是活火山。
面積：30萬平方公里
人口：7026.69萬
首都：馬尼拉
民族：馬來人、印尼人、華人
語言：菲律賓語，英語
宗教：天主教、伊斯蘭教
貨幣：當(dāng)?shù)亓魍ㄘ泿艦榉坡少e比索
電壓：220伏特
代表花：茉莉花
菲律賓是一個美麗的群島國家，其風(fēng)光多姿多彩，既有椰林海灘又有火山爆布，海水云天，湖光山色，風(fēng)景十分綺麗。因為地處亞熱帶，物產(chǎn)豐富，水果、海鮮四季 不斷，再加上菲律賓是一個多民族的國家，由于歷史原因，它融合了許多東西方的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣特點，富于異國風(fēng)情。她還是全世界第三大講英語的國家。
首都馬尼拉名勝古跡眾多，圣奧古斯丁教堂古樸雄渾，馬拉卡南宮清新秀麗，是西班牙建筑藝術(shù)的典范。羅海斯濱海大道長達十公里，一邊是現(xiàn)代化的高層建筑，一 邊是浩渺無際的大海，秀色無邊。菲律賓名聞遐邇的景點還有巴那韋高山梯田，常年如秋的碧瑤，以及歷史名城宿務(wù)等。
由7107個大小島嶼組成的菲律賓，蘊藏豐富天然資源，歷史源遠流長，文化獨特多姿。菲律賓充滿了千萬種吸引力，游客每踏足一個島嶼，都必定有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，永不讓人失望。
四、菲律賓各島的概況
呂宋島（塔加洛語：Luzon）是菲律賓最大的島，面積104,688平方公里，約占全國面積的35％。位于菲國北部，是首都馬尼拉的所在地。呂宋同時也是菲律賓三大政區(qū)之一，包括呂宋島，北部的巴坦群島（Batanes）和巴布延群島（Babuyan），南部的馬林杜克島（Marinduque）、馬斯巴特島（Masbate）、卡坦端奈斯島（Catanduanes）、民都洛島（Mindoro）和巴拉灣島（Palawan）。
米沙鄢群島 （英文：Visayas、米沙鄢語：Kabisay-an）位于菲律賓中部，是當(dāng)?shù)厝髰u群之一。由數(shù)百個島嶼組成，主要的有薩馬島、宿霧島、保和島、萊特島、班乃島和內(nèi)格羅斯島。
棉蘭老島以95581平方公里的全島面積位列菲律賓的第二大島，僅次于呂宋島。這兩個主島已然占去菲律賓三分之二的國土面積，并且覆蓋了百分之70的人口。僅棉蘭老島便有超過一千四百萬居民。 棉蘭老島的首府及最大的城市是達沃市——僅從面積上看，達沃市亦是全球最大的城市。全島的海拔最高處為達沃市南端的阿波火山，2954米的高度，同樣也是全國最高的山峰。除阿波火山外，在棉蘭老島上還有Sumagaya山。
以上就是關(guān)于菲律賓簡介概況相關(guān)問題的回答。希望能幫到你，如有更多相關(guān)問題，您也可以聯(lián)系我們的客服進行咨詢，客服也會為您講解更多精彩的知識和內(nèi)容。
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