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鄉(xiāng)村民宿景觀設(shè)計(jì)(鄉(xiāng)村民宿景觀設(shè)計(jì)論文)
大家好!今天讓小編來(lái)大家介紹下關(guān)于鄉(xiāng)村民宿景觀設(shè)計(jì)的問(wèn)題,以下是小編對(duì)此問(wèn)題的歸納整理,讓我們一起來(lái)看看吧。
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本文目錄:
一、不負(fù)鳳凰措藝術(shù)鄉(xiāng)村民宿
不負(fù)鳳凰措是一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村整體建設(shè)項(xiàng)目,是一個(gè)空心村改造實(shí)踐。它是由孔祥偉和他的觀竹景觀設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)一直設(shè)計(jì)和建造的。這個(gè)村莊最初叫杜家坪,是山東東南部一個(gè)典型的石砌村落。在城市化的過(guò)程中,村莊被遺棄了,大部分老房子都倒塌了,還有十幾棟老房子留下了。鳳凰村整體定位為鄉(xiāng)村藝術(shù)區(qū),包括B&B酒店和藝術(shù)家工作室,并包含森林藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊、水劇院、山頂教堂、山坡花園、圖書(shū)館和博物館等文化空間。它還包括茶館、café、餐廳和兒童公社等 娛樂(lè) 空間,并留下了一個(gè)區(qū)域來(lái)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)老房子博物館。
整體設(shè)計(jì)理念:保護(hù)與再生相結(jié)合。保留文物、古建筑、樹(shù)木,加入大膽的新元素,保留街道和庭院的肌理。在材料的使用上,他們從倒塌的老房子中使用暖黃色的舊石頭、混凝土和耐候鋼板來(lái)追求材料的真實(shí)性;對(duì)于景觀,他們使用舊材料,種植雜草;他們使用現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言作為空間和建筑語(yǔ)言。
施工理念:將設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)化為施工。設(shè)計(jì)師在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作,并參與具體的施工過(guò)程,稱(chēng)為“在家設(shè)計(jì)”。工匠的技能在施工過(guò)程中與設(shè)計(jì)師結(jié)合并反饋給設(shè)計(jì)師。設(shè)計(jì)作品在長(zhǎng)期的野外施工中融入了自然生活,在這一時(shí)期產(chǎn)生了詩(shī)歌、散文和繪畫(huà)。第一階段持續(xù)了三年。他們建造了村口、胡同的藝術(shù)家工作室、B&B酒店接待中心、餐廳和老四合院招待所。
村口:以山的形象,用當(dāng)?shù)氐氖^做成的兩件雕塑形成村口,與遠(yuǎn)處的山相呼應(yīng)。
Phoenix Lake Village is a rural overall construction project and a hollow village regeneration practice. It was designed and built by Xiangwei Kong with his Guanzhuscape design team all the way. The village was originally called Du jiaping, which was a typical stone-made settlement in southeastern Shandong. In the process of urbanization, the village is abandoned, most of the old houses are collapsed, and more than a dozen old houses are left. Phoenix villages are positioned as a Rural Art District overall, including B&B hotels and artist studios, and contain cultural space such as forest art gallery, water theater, hilltop church, hillside garden, library, and museum. It also includes recreational space such as teahouse, café, restaurant, and children’s commune, and it has left an area to create an old-house museum.
The overall design concept: the combination of protection and regeneration. Retaining the relics, old buildings and trees, adding bold new elements into them, and keeping the texture of the street and courtyard. In the use of materials, they use warm yellow old stones, concrete and weathering steel plates from the collapsed old houses to pursue the authenticity of materials; as for the landscape, they use old materials, and plant weeds; they use modern language as the spatial and architectural language.
Construction concept: transform the design into construction. Designers work in the field, and participate in the specific construction process, called “design at home “. The craftsman’s skills are combined with and fed back to the designer during the process of construction. The design work integrated with the natural life during the long-term construction in the field, and in this period, poetry, prose and painting were produced. The first phase lasted for three years. They constructed the village entrance, a lane of the artist studio, B&B hotel reception center, restaurant and old courtyard hostel.
Village Entrance: using the image of the mountain, they put two pieces of sculptures made of the local stone to form the entrance of the village, which echo the mountains in the distance.
藝術(shù)家工作室:位于西側(cè)第一個(gè)廢棄的小巷。院子里的老墻和樹(shù)都保留了下來(lái),房子都是建在空間里的。主要的建筑材料是廢棄的老房子的石頭,窗戶(hù)是用混凝土和耐候鋼板建造的。
Artist Studio: It is located in the first deserted alley on the west side. The old walls and the trees in the yard have remained, and the houses are built in the space. The main construction material is the stone from the abandoned old house, and the windows are built of concrete and weathering steel plates.
B&B酒店接待中心:位于村廣場(chǎng),是在老房子的基礎(chǔ)上建造的方形盒子建筑。它的建筑材料是古老的石頭、混凝土和耐候鋼。庭院和露臺(tái)種植芒草。內(nèi)部由混凝土構(gòu)成。此外,沙發(fā)和紀(jì)念品柜也是用混凝土預(yù)制的。
B&B Hotel Reception Center: located in the village square, it is a kind of square box building constructed on the basis of an old house. Its building materials are old stone, concrete and weathering steel. The courtyard and terrace are planted with Miscanthus. The inside is made up of concrete. Besides, the sofa and souvenir cabinets are also prefabricated with concrete.
素色餐廳:素色餐廳位于鳳凰村酒店區(qū)中心,周?chē)抢戏孔雍蜆?shù)木。它的名字來(lái)源于普通的混凝土。平淡是一種美,也是一種生活態(tài)度。素雅餐廳的理念也與鳳凰村對(duì)材料的原汁原味追求相一致。餐廳空間的設(shè)計(jì)追求透明性,東側(cè)和南側(cè)使用了大窗戶(hù)。建筑材料由清水混凝土和當(dāng)?shù)氐氖^制成。未修飾的混凝土,配合清晰有力的幾何形式,呈現(xiàn)出原始的美感。餐廳的內(nèi)部完全由純混凝土構(gòu)成,包括吧臺(tái)、桌子和儲(chǔ)物柜。餐廳的屋頂由三角形的光井組成,整天都有各種各樣的燈光變化,門(mén)窗等建筑元素也是手工制作的。
Plain Restaurant: Plain Restaurant is situated in the center of Phoenix villages hotel area, surrounded by old houses and trees. The name is derived from plain concrete. Plain is a kind of beauty, and is also a kind of life attitude. The concept of the plain restaurant is also consistent with the original authenticity of the pursuit of materials in the Phoenix villages. The design of the restaurant space pursues transparency and the east and south sides use large windows. The building materials are made of plain concrete and local stones. The non-modified concrete, together with the clear and powerful geometric form, presents the primitive aesthetic feeling. The interior of the restaurant is wholly made up of plain concrete, including the bar, the tables and the lockers. The roof of the dining room is made of triangular light wells, which have various changes of lights all the day, and the building elements such as doors and windows are also made by hand.
石庭院:主體建筑為花崗巖石膏小屋,讓人想起上個(gè)世紀(jì)的花崗巖石膏建筑。小屋里有一棵老杏樹(shù)。
Stone Courtyard: the main building is the granitic plaster hut, which recalls the granitic plaster building of the last century. An old apricot tree is inside the hut.
刺繡庭院:主樓為生銹的鋼屋,庭院中的水景也是用生銹的鋼板做成的。
Embroidery Courtyard: the main building is a rusty steel cabin, and the waterscape in the yard is also made of rusty steel plate.
夯土房屋:主要建筑為夯土建筑。這是對(duì)夯土建筑的記憶。建筑的船艙窗戶(hù)由混凝土、鋼板和鏡面不銹鋼組成。
Rammed Earth House: the main building is a rammed earth construction. It is the memories of the rammed earth building. The cabin windows of the building are made up of concrete, steel plate, and the mirror stainless steel.
鏡面庭院:主體建筑為鏡面不銹鋼,是對(duì)比最強(qiáng)烈的建筑。院子里有很多的木瓜樹(shù),室內(nèi)的屋頂是由彩色玻璃窗組成的。
Mirror Courtyard: the main building is made of mirror stainless steel, and is the building with the most intense contrast. There are a lot of papaya trees in the yard, and the indoor roof is made up of stained glass windows.
Phoenix lake Village, the regeneration of abandoned village
Architect’ Firm | Guanzhuscape Planning and Design Institute
Lead Architects | Kong Xiangwei
Collaborators | Li Guodong, Liu Yulong, Wang Wen, Lin Licong, Teng Xin, Xu Jingan, Wang Ziyi, Zheng Yakai, Pang Liangliang, Xiao Tianyan
Project location | Dujiaping county,Rizhao city,Shandong province,China
Completion Year | December 2017
Gross Built Area (square meters or square foot): 2000M²
Photo credits | Kong Xiangwei, Cheng Xuefeng, Wang Ziyi
二、民宿設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)注重哪些因素
選址:選址對(duì)民宿的重要性很高。經(jīng)營(yíng)民宿的出發(fā)點(diǎn)各不相同,不同的出發(fā)點(diǎn)所依托的環(huán)境要求不同。如果以純住宿為出發(fā)點(diǎn)那么要考慮區(qū)塊3公里-5公里范圍內(nèi)的支撐點(diǎn)是什么(例如大型景區(qū)、大型游樂(lè)場(chǎng)、美麗鄉(xiāng)村等),如果以工作室為出發(fā)點(diǎn)就要考慮周邊環(huán)境是否怡人,跟主人的基調(diào)是否相符等等。
2.設(shè)計(jì)個(gè)性化:個(gè)性化是民宿設(shè)計(jì)的主題,也是口碑傳播的一個(gè)著眼點(diǎn)。所謂的個(gè)性化必須依照地區(qū)的本身所具有的特點(diǎn)打造該區(qū)域內(nèi)的個(gè)性民宿。
3.文化:民宿設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)要注重文化元素的充分融入,一個(gè)沒(méi)有文化氛圍的民宿就好比一個(gè)青年旅社或者客棧,讓人索然無(wú)味。文化可以是符號(hào)也可以是本身所具有的氣質(zhì),充分挖掘所在地的文化,要使人具有認(rèn)知感進(jìn)而形成認(rèn)同感。
4.服務(wù):民宿的成功與否主要還是靠人,好的民宿除了靠形以外更重要的是靠心。提供酒店提供不了的親切感和家的溫馨感。換而言之,提供的都是非標(biāo)服務(wù)
三、民宿開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目策劃書(shū)
1、民宿選址。
好的選址可能成為鄉(xiāng)村民宿成功的關(guān)鍵因素之一,民宿在選址時(shí),找的就是一種先天的驅(qū)動(dòng)條件。若是老宅的附近有自然資源如山谷河流,尚未開(kāi)發(fā)的風(fēng)景名勝,或者是具有人文情懷的部落村莊。那么,把老宅稍加修整,便能吸引大城市的人驅(qū)車(chē)前來(lái)。與民宿相輔相成的周邊環(huán)境,其吸引力是不可估量的。
2、民宿規(guī)劃。
制定專(zhuān)項(xiàng)規(guī)劃,立足本土的優(yōu)勢(shì)資源,明確其發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)區(qū)域和重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)品,預(yù)防過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)、盲目建設(shè)。注重保護(hù)生態(tài)資源,嚴(yán)把生態(tài)紅線(xiàn),其規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)要結(jié)合自然,因地制宜,尊重環(huán)境,避免過(guò)多的人工改造,保留樸實(shí)的風(fēng)格,實(shí)現(xiàn)自然生態(tài)和傳統(tǒng)文化的完美結(jié)合。
3、鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)。
以產(chǎn)業(yè)為基礎(chǔ)、創(chuàng)意農(nóng)業(yè)為手段、農(nóng)耕文化為靈魂,將農(nóng)業(yè)景觀化,把旅游元素、文化元素、科技元素充分融入到產(chǎn)業(yè)基地,培育特色產(chǎn)業(yè)明顯、文化內(nèi)涵豐富、表現(xiàn)形式多樣、農(nóng)質(zhì)特征濃郁的鄉(xiāng)村旅游景觀。
4、建筑設(shè)計(jì)。
民宿的設(shè)計(jì)不是追求規(guī)模與奢華,小而美才是民宿經(jīng)營(yíng)的基本觀念,精致而有特色是民宿生存的不二法門(mén)。民宿規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)也要必須明確服務(wù)對(duì)象,要明白民宿是為哪些人群服務(wù)的。只有堅(jiān)持良好的特色與風(fēng)格,選對(duì)合適的客人,才更能創(chuàng)造民宿本身的魅力與價(jià)值。
5、景觀設(shè)計(jì)。
鄉(xiāng)村旅游景觀設(shè)計(jì)除了要求滿(mǎn)足為人們提供休憩場(chǎng)所、美化環(huán)境等功能外,還要與鄉(xiāng)村旅游項(xiàng)目有機(jī)結(jié)合,每個(gè)景觀要有其獨(dú)特的主題,要為旅游項(xiàng)目增加收益,為整個(gè)景區(qū)增加獨(dú)特性與亮點(diǎn)。旅游景觀設(shè)計(jì)都是多功能、復(fù)合化、多角度、量體裁衣設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的,我們稱(chēng)這種景觀設(shè)計(jì)手法為“創(chuàng)意旅游景觀設(shè)計(jì)”。
6、生態(tài)保護(hù)。
在民宿的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)中,一方面是力圖對(duì)生活環(huán)境的最小破壞;另一方面是營(yíng)造人對(duì)天然材料與自然的和諧相適應(yīng)。無(wú)論是建筑、設(shè)施還是業(yè)態(tài),都應(yīng)該以環(huán)保生態(tài)為出發(fā)點(diǎn),盡量就地取材、低碳節(jié)能、崇尚自然、共同營(yíng)造自然和諧氛圍。
四川晟景文旅,專(zhuān)注于文化、旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展。圍繞景區(qū)提升、生態(tài)建設(shè)、城市更新等三大消費(fèi)場(chǎng)景下的文旅資源,以資源價(jià)值盤(pán)活與開(kāi)發(fā)為導(dǎo)向,以”運(yùn)營(yíng)前置”的思維,構(gòu)建起涵蓋規(guī)劃策劃、品牌創(chuàng)建、空間設(shè)計(jì)、建筑設(shè)計(jì)、景觀設(shè)計(jì)、新媒體運(yùn)營(yíng)等服務(wù)內(nèi)容的文旅融合整體解決方案服務(wù)體系。
四、民宿設(shè)計(jì)要求
每一個(gè)好的民宿,在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,都必須經(jīng)過(guò)三個(gè)階段:實(shí)地考察、創(chuàng)造性設(shè)計(jì)和創(chuàng)造性落地。 所有環(huán)節(jié)的因素都要考慮到設(shè)計(jì),民宿設(shè)計(jì)能不能滿(mǎn)足人們的需要。
1、實(shí)地考察勢(shì)在必行如果你想成功地建造一個(gè)好的民宿,你必須在設(shè)計(jì)之前進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查。首先,我們必須充分了解設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)象--建筑。首先應(yīng)了解重建對(duì)象的現(xiàn)有功能和損壞情況。其次對(duì)建筑周邊的自然環(huán)境進(jìn)行考察,了解要進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的建筑物與周?chē)h(huán)境的互動(dòng)與聯(lián)系。比起居住的房子與周?chē)沫h(huán)境,人們更加注重的是親身的感受。一間好的民宿除了必須的硬件條件,還應(yīng)具備相應(yīng)的人文故事。所以最后設(shè)計(jì)師在設(shè)計(jì)之前一定要與當(dāng)?shù)氐脑∶裆钊虢涣?,了解這里的風(fēng)土人情,生活狀態(tài),要與建筑的主人進(jìn)行深入的溝通,挖掘生活在建筑中的人在這里發(fā)生的故事、美好記憶與周?chē)囊恍﹤髡f(shuō)典故,向游客展示每個(gè)家庭、每間民宿獨(dú)特的信息。民宿設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)整體的系統(tǒng),不是獨(dú)立的個(gè)體,建筑、環(huán)境、氛圍都需要進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。所以設(shè)計(jì)師最好是在當(dāng)?shù)刈∫欢螘r(shí)間,才能對(duì)周?chē)沫h(huán)境有更深入的感受,做出的設(shè)計(jì)才會(huì)貼近當(dāng)?shù)氐纳睢?p>2、發(fā)掘民宿設(shè)計(jì)亮點(diǎn)在閑暇時(shí)間,越來(lái)越多的人選擇旅行來(lái)消磨時(shí)間。面對(duì)許多充滿(mǎn)商業(yè)氣息的旅游景點(diǎn),人們更喜歡去沒(méi)有過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)、生態(tài)保護(hù)更好的地方旅游,所以民宿受到了很多人的歡迎。但是,在早期的考察中,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些老房子年久失修,損壞嚴(yán)重,無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足游客的基本功能需求。因此,在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,在保護(hù)的前提下,受損區(qū)域應(yīng)首先修復(fù),以恢復(fù)其基本功能。在基本功能得到完善的情況下,原生態(tài)是引人駐足的法寶,設(shè)計(jì)師在進(jìn)行民宿設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)候要把原生態(tài)的特質(zhì)強(qiáng)化,最大化的保留給人帶來(lái)良好感受的元素。使用藝術(shù)的手法,將環(huán)境中隱藏的美景進(jìn)行放大、強(qiáng)化,讓原生態(tài)的景觀變得更加鮮明,顯眼,吸引人的注意。3、創(chuàng)意落地在民宿設(shè)計(jì)落地的過(guò)程中,當(dāng)?shù)卣?、村民、設(shè)計(jì)師的需求之間產(chǎn)生矛盾時(shí),必須尋求共同的背景,是如何最大化當(dāng)?shù)氐膬r(jià)值和特色?,F(xiàn)代社會(huì)很多從鄉(xiāng)村走出去的人,在回到鄉(xiāng)村的時(shí)候一味的追求現(xiàn)代化、都市化,盲目的遵從城市的風(fēng)格,對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村進(jìn)行改造,使得鄉(xiāng)村失去了原有的價(jià)值與特征。而這種特征恰恰是吸引游客到來(lái)的理由,所以設(shè)計(jì)師要耐心與村民溝通,告訴他們當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)的價(jià)值,其中蘊(yùn)含的文化價(jià)值,要保護(hù)的不僅僅是一種形式,更是一種文化傳承。農(nóng)村建筑和環(huán)境作為農(nóng)業(yè)文明的載體,要維護(hù)老房子就要延續(xù)一定意義上的歷史文脈,這就要求我們首先學(xué)會(huì)“尊重”傳統(tǒng)。在民宿設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中,在滿(mǎn)足新的使用需求和美學(xué)訴求的基礎(chǔ)上,盡可能保持原建筑的歷史形態(tài)和建筑風(fēng)味,是真正內(nèi)涵型的設(shè)計(jì)。這種改造,使老房子看起來(lái)還挺習(xí)慣的,確實(shí)增加了舒適和時(shí)尚感。以上就是小編對(duì)于鄉(xiāng)村民宿景觀設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題和相關(guān)問(wèn)題的解答了,如有疑問(wèn),可撥打網(wǎng)站上的電話(huà),或添加微信:1454722008
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